Types of lexical information: grammar
Syntax: a sentence can be subdivided into several categories such as POS (parts of speech), subcategories and phrasal categories.These categories describe the structure of a sentence, its syntax.
POS (parts of speech):
Nominal categories:
– Nouns
– Pronouns (special glue: co-reference)
– Articles
Possessives
Demonstratives
Quantifiers
– Adjectives Verbal categories:
– Verbs
– Adverbs
Glue categories:
– Prepositions (intra-sentence glue)
– Conjunctions (inter-sentence glue)
– Interjections (dialogue glue)
Definitions of a sentence:
Simple sentence: Paul plays the guitar.
Coordinating sentence: Paul plays the guitar and likes to sing along.
→ coordinating conjunction and
Subordinating sentence: Paul plays the guitar and likes to sing along when nobody is
listening.
→ subordinating conjunction:when
This structure of the sentence (syntax) consists of two kinds of relations:
- paradigmatic relations
- syntagmatic relations
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